Polymerization is the process of combining many small molecules (the monomers) into a covalently bonded chain or network.
Stille cross coupling - The Stille cross coupling reaction can generate new carbon-carbon bonds, through transmetallation of an organotin compound with a halogenide as coupling partner, with the use of a palladium catalyst system in an a solvent.
Suzuki cross coupling - This comprises an organoboron functionalized compound together with an organic halide compound and also apply a palladium catalytic system.
Direct arylation - This is a Heck-type coupling and compared to Stille and Suzuki reactions the direct arylation polymerization does not require preparation of stannylated or boronated reagents which eliminates one of the normally more complicated steps in the monomer preparation.
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